Building construction



0. A. DEICHMANN. BUILDING CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATIUN FILED JAN. 26. I92].

2 SHEETSSHEET I.

BY 34 5. W4-

Patented Dec. 13, 1921.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OTTO A. DEICHMANN, F WILLOWS, CALIFORNIA.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 13, 1921.

Application filed January 26, 1921. Serial No. 439,906.

in the county of Glenn and State of Cali fornia, have invented new and useful Improvements 1n Building Constructions, of

p which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to building construction, and more particularly pertains to a pro-cast element by which walls may be readily formed.

It is the principal object of the presentinvention to provide pro-cast elements made of cementitious or vitreous material, and so formed as to make it possible for the elements to be readily arranged in courses and in interlocking relation to each. other in a manner to produce outer walls, partitions, and the like, at the same time accommodating door frames, window frames, and other building structures.

The present invention contemplates the use of Tshaped elements adapted to be arranged in courses, and in interlocking relation to each other, whereby a hollow wall will be formed, broken at intervals by brace members and sealed at the top and bottom by base and cover blocks, modifications of the principal element being made to form wall intersections and wall openings.

The invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, in

I which:

Figure 1 is a View in perspective disclosing the principal element of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a view in perspective showing one of the cover blocks;

Fig. 3 is a 'view in Iperspective showing one of the base blocks.

Fig. 4 is a view in perspectivedisclosing a modification of the member illustrated in Fig. 1, for the purpose of forming wall openings and the like.

Fig. 5 is a vie in plan section showing like application of the member disclosed in Fig. 6 is a view in plan showing the interlocking arrangement of the principal elements. i

Fig. 7 is'a fragmentary view in side elevation showing the courses of the principal elements as they appear in a wall.

Fig; 8 is aview in vertical section disclosing an adaptation of the present invention in building construction.

as the wall element. This member is formed by a slab 11 from the side of which emanates a connecting and reinforcing wing 12. This wing is disposed midway the length of the element. The outer end of the wing is formed with an enlarged head 13, which considered in plan is substantially hexagonal. The slab 11 is used with its length extending horizontally as it rests upon its edge. The lower edge of the slab is formed with a.V- shaped recess 14 extending the length thereof, while the upper edge of the slab is formed with a Vshaped rib 15 adapted tobe received by a recess 14: of a slab, which might be subsequently disposed thereon, the opposite ends of the slab of each being formed with V-shaped recesses 16, extending the height of the slab. The hexagonal head of the wing 13 is formed at its bottom with a V-shaped recess 17 parallel to the recess 14, while its top is formed'with a V-shaped rib 18 parallel to the rib 15 of the slab. Due to the hexagonal formation of the head 13, the sides of the head will. consist of two planes disposed at an angle to each other, agreeing substantially with the faces of the end recesses 16 in the slabs. In this manner it is possible to alternately arrange the slabsas indicated in Fig. 6, so that the space between intervening recesses 16 of two slabs may form a properly shaped pocket for the accommodation of the heads 13 of wings 12. When cementitious material is then disposed between the side faces of the heads and the faces of the recesses 16, the several elements of a course will be locked and cemented together. In addition to this, intervening air spaces 19 will be formed between the slabs 11 and will be interrupted by the cross wing-s 12. These air spaces may be further broken by offsetting the various courses of tile so that the cross wings of the slabs do not occur in vertical alinement. Due to the recesses and ribs 14,

lateral movement, in order that the air spaces 16 may be properly crossed and that the top and bottoms of the wall may be satisfactorily finished. Base blocks 20 are provided, as well as COYQIiblOCkS 21. The base blocks are formed with a plurality of ribs 22.-

agreeing with the recesses 14 and 17 in the wall elements. .This makes it possible to suitably support and anchor the wall. The cover blocks 21 are formed with recesses 23 for receiving the uppermost ribs 15 and 1 8 of the wall elements. Ribs 24 are also formed on these blocks, so that they may be used at other places in the building if de-.

sired. In some instances it may be desirable to form modifications of the blocks 21 as indicated by way of example at 25 and 26 in Fig. 8. The opposite ends ofthe various blocks are of course formed with complementary ribs and recesses by which they may be interlocked when arranged in courses.

In forming door and window openings it is necessary to modify the construction of the wall elements as shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 11. The window element 27 shown in Fig. 4 is made with a short slab, at the end and side of which the wing 12 is formed. This provides a flush face ,against which the Window frame is set. The element 23 is quite similar to this structure and-differs only in the useof an extending wing 29 formed as a continuation of theslab, the object of which structure is more clearly shown in Fig. 11.

In making proper intersections of walls formed by the elements previously described, an intersecting element 30 is provlded. This element in reality-comprises four slabs arof adjacent wall elements.

31 are formed upon the opposite sides'of the ranged at right angles to each other and emanating from a central square block, the slabs being continuations of the walls thereof. The tops and bottoms of theelement are grooved and ribbed in the manner previously described for-the other elements,

while the ends 'of. eachof the slabs are' vertically grooved to accommodate the heads block and are cal grooves 16 ments. v

In the event that a very rigid reinforced wall is desired,the structure'might bebuilt up .as shown in Fig. 9, where it will be seen that ferro-concrete construction is em adapted to mesh with vertiployed between the wall elements. Columns 32 may also be formed by the use of an ofi'set. member 33,.which interlocks with the heads of twoof the wall elements and pro vides. a large rectangular opening, within which concrete and reinforcing material.

may be oured to form supportinggeolumns of any esired strength. In operation of the present invention it Will be understood that prior to the erect on Vertical ribson the ends of the .wall 813- rib across the top-thereof an of the building, appropriatewall slabs and other special slabs are ordered as required.

After a suitable foundation has been made, the base blocks 20 may be mounted thereupon, and the wall members thereafter It will thus be seen that by forming elements of plastic or cementitious material in the design disclosed in the drawings, it will be possible to readily assemble the elements to provide suitable walls for various classesof buildings, said walls being of'such construction that stucco work may be applied to the outside; thereof andplastering on the inner faces thereof, without the use of furring strips and the like, thereby providing means for economically and rapidly building durable fire proof walls. I

'While I have shown the preferred form.

of my invention, as nowknown to me, it will be understood that various changes might be made in the combination, construction, and arrangement of parts, by those skilled in the art, without departing from the Spirit of the invention, as claimed; v

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by. Letters Patent is: "j

1. In a wall structures. building element. comprising a slab of plastic material'having a V-shaped rib extending along upper edge, a V -shaped groove extending along its lower edge and V-sh aped grooves "extending vertically along the endsz thereof, a. wing member of rectangular section emanating from one side-of the .slab and midway the. length thereof, and an enlarged head substantially hexagonal in section formed upon the end of the wing.

. 2. In a wall structure a building element comprising a V-shaped rib extending along its upper edge, a -V-shapedgroove extending along its lower edge and V-shaped grooves extending vertically along the ends thereof, a wing member of. rectan ar section emanating fromone side of t e slab and midway the length thereof, and an enlarged head formed at the end'of said w ,ha a; V-shaped a V-shaped' groove across the. bottom thereof, and V- 'shaped ribs extending vertically on the opposite sides thereo'fto seat within vertical grooves of complementaryslabs.

a slab of plastic material having .ribs of the base blocks and successlvely seating over similar ribs formed along the upper edges of the wall elements in the various courses of the wall, the slabs of said elements being built up in spaced relation to 'each other upon parallel ribs of the base blocks, interlocking wings extending from the inner faces of alternate slabs and terminating between the ends of slabs in the opposite rows and cover blocks having parallel recesses in their lower faces to register with the parallel ribs on'the wall elements of the uppermost course of the wall.

4. A fire-proof wall structure comprising base blocks f plastic material adapted to interlock at their o posite ends, and being formed with paralle longitudinal V-shaped ridges on the upper ,face thereof, T -shaped wall elementsfadapted to be superposed in courses upon said base blocks, said elements having grooved lower edges seating over similar ribs formed along. the upper edges of the Wall elements in the various courses of the wall, the slabs of said elements being built up in spaced relation to each other. upon the parallel ribs of the base blocks, -wing member off rectangular section ema- .nating from the inner side of alternate slabs and the outer side of the intermediate slabs midway the length thereof,- and an enlarged.

head formed at the end of said wing having a V-shaped groove across-the bottom thereof, a V-shaped ridge formed along the top and sides of said enlarged head, the said head being positive between the ends of the slabs in the opposite row which are formed with recesses adapted to register with the ridges along the side of the enlarged head, and

cover blocks having parallel recesses in their lower faces to register with the parallel ridges on the assembled wall elements of the uppermost course ofthe wall.

OTTO A. DEICHMANN. 

